WordPress Migration: Files, Database and DNS
WordPress migration is not just about copying files. Database, domain settings, HTTPS, email and end user operations should be handled in the same plan.
Pre-transport inventory
Note WordPress and PHP versions, active theme/plugins, disk usage and database size. List cron tasks, email service, payment system and external API connections. Verify that the target hosting supports these requirements.
Back up files and database from a consistent point. New data may occur while migration continues on the store or membership site. Plan ahead for final data synchronization and short maintenance interval if necessary.
Prepare the copy in the new environment
Transfer the files to the target account, import the database, and update the connection information in wp-config.php. Check file ownership and write permissions. Avoid unnecessary URL changes if the domain name is not changing.
If the domain name or protocol changes, use a method that preserves serialized data in the database. Simple text replacement tools can corrupt theme and plugin data. Test on separate copy first and keep a rollback backup.
Test functions without changing DNS
You can try directing the domain name to the new server on your own computer using methods such as local hosts registration. Verify that the HTTPS certificate covers your domain. Besides the homepage, also check the permalinks, images, search and admin login.
Try email exit from the contact form, member login if applicable, and test flow of the payment provider. Prevent emails or real payment transactions from being sent to real customers from the test environment.
Last sync, DNS and tracking
Transfer updated data to the target, change web DNS records, and keep the old server accessible throughout the migration. Due to DNS caches, different visitors may reach different servers for a while. During this period, use a method that will prevent independent orders from being created on both sides.
Track error logs, form submission, broken links and resource usage in the new environment. If the existing URL structure is preserved, do not add unnecessary bulk redirects. If the addresses have changed, permanently redirect each old URL to its new corresponding address.
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